Which financial metric measures the profitability of a business operation?

The financial metric that specifically measures the profitability of a business operation is the Profit Margin. This metric is calculated by dividing net income by revenue, and it reflects how much profit a company makes for every dollar of sales. A higher profit margin indicates more efficient management of costs relative to sales, showcasing the company's ability to maintain profitability after accounting for expenses.

While Return on Investment (ROI) is a valuable metric that assesses the efficiency of an investment relative to its cost, it is broader in scope and not solely focused on the operational profitability of the business. Cost-Benefit Analysis is typically used to evaluate the financial feasibility of projects or investments and does not directly measure profitability per operation. Gross Revenue simply refers to the total income generated without considering the costs incurred, hence it does not provide insight into the profitability of the operation.